Transcriptome analysis of hydrogen inhibits osteoclastogenesis of mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells

Hydrogen (H2) is a major biodegradation product of implanted magnesium (Mg) alloys that are commonly used in the healing bone fractures. Our earlier study showed H2 can inhibit mouse marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) osteoclastogenesis during differentiation these cells into osteoclasts, thereby facilitating fracture healing. However, way by which H2 inhibits remains to be elucidated. The present RNA‑sequencing transcriptome H2‑exposed BMMCs an osteoclast‑induced environment and identified target genes signaling pathways through exerts its biological effects. Several upregulated were identified: Fos, Dusp1, Cxcl1, Reln, Itga2b, Plin2, Lif, Thbs1, Vegfa Gadd45a. downregulated also revealed: Hspa1b, Gm4951, F830016B08Rik, Fads2, Hspa1a, Slc27a6, Cacna1b, Scd2, Lama3 Col4a5. These differentially expressed mainly involved osteoclast cascades, as well PI3K‑AKT, Forkhead box O (FoxO), MAPK, peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor (PPAR), TNF, TGF‑β, JAK‑STAT, RAS, VEGF, hypoxia‑inducible factor (HIF‑1) AMPK pathways. In summary, revealed key H2‑mediated inhibition osteoclastogenesis, providing theoretical basis for significance experimental application Mg treatment osteoporosis.